|
Yazidis in Georgia may refer to people born in or residing in Georgia of full or partial Yazidi origin. The Yazidi population in Georgia has been dwindling since the 1990s, mostly due to economic migration to neighboring Russia, Western Europe and North America. According to a census carried out in 1989, there were over 30,000 Yazidis in Georgia; according to the 2002 census, however, only around 18,000 Yazidis remained in Georgia. Today they number around 6,000 by some estimates, including recent refugees from Sinjar in Iraq, who fled to Georgia following persecution by ISIL. On June 16, 2015, Yazidis celebrated the opening of a temple and a cultural center named after Sultan Ezid in Varketili, a suburb of Tbilisi. This is the third such temple in the world after those in Iraqi Kurdistan and Armenia. ==History== The migration of Yezidis to the South Caucasus has occurred in several movements. The first wave of Yezidis migrated into Georgia in the early 1770s seeking assistance from non-Muslim allies as a result of increasing religious oppression in the Ottoman Empire. A second movement occurred in the first quarter of the twentieth century due to the religious persecution that took place in the Ottoman Empire, particularly during the Armenian Genocide in 1915. Also, the Yezidis were subject to the massacres, which caused the group’s mass-migration into the Caucasus. From some 2,262 Yezidis in 1926 the number has increased significantly to 33,331 Yezidi-Kurds in 1989 (Yezidis and Kurds were counted together in the 1989 census). However, Georgian independence in 1991 drastically changed the situation for the Yezidis, leading to a rapid decrease in numbers to a mere 18,329 in 2002, excluding 2,514 who self-identified as Kurds. The post-Soviet period brought along economic hardship, political instability and mounting nationalism, which had negative consequences for the small minorities in the country. The independent Georgian state was unwilling to implement mechanisms to protect the rights of minorities. The Yezidis were, and still are, particularly exposed due to their lack of a kin state and hence a source of financial measures. The lack of support and resources has resulted in difficulties for the community to maintain its religion, culture and language. There is a general under-representation of ethnic minorities in parliament, government and local authorities. Because there are no Yezidi representatives to lobby the interests of the minority, the participation level of the community is very low. Language courses in Kurmanji are no longer taking place and with only 30% of the Yezidis speaking Kurmanji the risk of language loss is substantial. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Yazidis in Georgia」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|